Chris Lambert found an excellent way to demand high-level thinking from his students on a recent assignment for his AP European History students. He had them make a Behavior-Over-Time Graph (or BOTG, as the systems thinking adepts call them) of Napoleon's rise to power and his brutal fall.
In a minute or two, you can create a task that would demand that your students synthesize, evaluate, and articulate information from any discipline -- I'm including some resources that you can download to use immediately.